Triangulation is a research method involving multiple methods or data sources to collect and analyze information on a given topic or phenomenon. It is widely used in social science research to increase validity and reliability, eliminate bias, and better understand research subjects. Triangulation can be defined as “the combination of different types of data collected for the same research project”. The main objective of triangulation is to achieve a more holistic understanding of the phenomenon under investigation, as it provides complementary perspectives and data from different sources.
Definition:
Triangulation, in general terms, refers to the use of multiple methods or data sources for collecting and analyzing information on a given topic or phenomenon.
Purpose of Triangulation in Research Paper:
Triangulation aims to increase the validity and reliability of research findings by obtaining complementary data from different sources. This helps reduce bias, identify discrepancies between multiple perspectives, and gain a more comprehensive understanding of the studied topic. In addition, triangulation may also be used to fill gaps in existing research, corroborate findings from other studies, and confirm hypotheses.
Types of Triangulation:
The three most common types of triangulation are:
(i) Data Triangulation: This type of triangulation involves the use of multiple data sources to collect and analyze data.
(ii) Methodological Triangulation: This type of triangulation uses different methods, such as surveys, interviews, observations, etc., to collect and analyze data.
(iii) Investigator Triangulation: This type of triangulation involves the use of multiple investigators to collect and analyze data.
Advantages of Triangulation:
Triangulation has several advantages, such as:
(i) Increased Validity and Reliability: Using multiple methods or sources for collecting and analyzing data can help reduce bias and errors, thus increasing the validity and reliability of research findings.
(ii) Reduction of Bias: By using different methods or sources to collect data, it can help reduce investigator bias as well as participant biases.
(iii) Increased Understanding: Triangulation helps researchers gain a more comprehensive understanding of the investigated topic, which can lead to more accurate conclusions.
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